Epilepsy

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain. Symptoms vary widely and can include anything from a brief lapse of awareness or muscle jerks to full-body convulsions, depending on the seizure's origin and spread. 

Causes include structural damage, genetics, and infections but many cases are of unknown origin, and treatment often involves medication, though surgery or dietary changes are sometimes options.  

Safety Considerations

Standard laboratory/workshop safety protocols must be reviewed and enhanced to address the specific needs of learners with epilepsy. This will vary with the severity and nature of the condition.

The primary goal is to minimize risks from potential seizures while ensuring the learner can participate fully in practical activities.

• Manage proximity to hazards - It is not very inclusive as a rule to seat learners away from all significant hazards, such as chemicals, sources of heat (eg Bunsen burners), breakable glass equipment, and moving machinery. But be aware of the likelihood of a seizure and its possible outcomes and plan accordingly. There may well be a need for additional close supervision.
• Store equipment safely - Ensure potentially dangerous tools are stored properly and kept away from the edge of benches where they could be knocked over.
• Photosensitive epilepsy - avoid flash-bang or bright-light experiments, and be particularly careful with the use of stroboscopes in physics, as these can be triggers for some individuals.
• Electrical equipment risks: Cover trailing cables to prevent trips and falls. Where feasible, use cordless versions of power tools.
• Screen use: For students with photosensitive epilepsy, manage the classroom environment to avoid triggers.For instance:
  • Ensure the room is well-lit.
  • Use anti-glare screen protectors.
  • Avoid rapidly flashing or strobing images and abrupt slide transitions in presentations.